1/6/2024 0 Comments Electric generator![]() Note that the current flowing through an external load in turn creates a magnetic field that opposes the change in the flux of the coil, so the coil opposes the motion. Thus, the kinetic energy that spins the source of the magnetic field is converted into electricity. When an external circuit connected to the coil terminals, the generated voltage will create an electric current resulting in energy being delivered to the load. This process continues until the rated output voltage is reached. This emf creates a current in field coils, which increases magnetic flux, which in turn increases emf. When the prime mover starts spinning, the armature at first operates in a very weak magnetic field and therefore produces small emf. If it's obtained from the armature, the initial field is produced by residual magnetism in the electromagnet's cores. This current may be obtained either from an external source or from the system's own armature. A flow of current in the field coils produces magnetic field. It consists of so-called field coils mounted on an iron core. In practice, the magnetic field is most often induced by an electromagnet rather than a permanent magnet. Electricity then is produced from rotational energy of the spinning shaft. The common types of prime movers are steam turbines, internal-combustion engines, and gas combustion turbines. A machine that does it is called prime mover. For example, in the generators, the chemical energy stored in fuel is converted into mechanical energy of rotating shaft. Electricity generation is a multi-step process. It can also be obtained from renewable resources. Therefore for practical use electric energy is produced from other forms of energy, such as chemical, nuclear or thermal energy contained in various types of fuel. We know that although electricity does occur naturally, it does not exist in the forms that can be practically stored and utilized. Particularly, if a magnet is spinning inside a coil, a periodic AC voltage is induced between its terminals. Its operation is based on the process called electromagnetic induction: whenever a conductor moves relative to a magnetic field, electromotive force (emf) is induced in this conductor. In power industry, it refers to a device that produces electricity, which is electric generator.Īn electric generator is an electro-mechanical device that produces electricity from mechanical energy. In general, this term has various meanings. Generator is a Latin word that means maker or originator. Before discussing their selection, let's quickly go over some basics. This site is dedicated to practical information about various types of the generators for home use and for commercial applications. However, among consumers there is a considerable lack of knowledge about available types, technical details, sizing requirements and safety of such devices. An engine-driven electric generator (or a genset) is the most common and generally the least expensive type of backup electricity. This is the most basic conceptual model of a DC generator.A private backup power source lets you continue using selected appliances and lights during a blackout, or supply electricity to the entire house. In this case, the electricity produced in the loop (here the rotating loop of the single loop generator can also be referred as the armature) gets rectified through the commutator and the load gets a DC power. We can also collect the electricity produced in the rotating loop through commutator and brush arrangement as shown in the animated picture below. In this case, the alternating electricity produced in the loop comes the load. We can connect a load with the loop through the brushes rest on the slip rings as shown. Let us connect slip ring with both ends of the loop. We can collect the induced emf in the loop in two different ways. We also call it a single loop electric generator. This is the most basic conceptual model of an electric generator. Hence, the emf induced in the loop alters its direction continuously. Again in the pictures, when any of the coil sides (conductors) comes under north pole the motion of the conductor would be upward and when it comes under south pole the motion of the conductor would be downward. Now we will show you how does electricity get produced when we rotate single loop of a conductor in a magnetic field.ĭuring rotation, when one side of the loop comes in front of the magnetic north pole, the instantaneous motion of the conductor will be upward hence according to Fleming’s Right Hand Rule the induced emf will have inward direction.Īt the same time, another side of the loop comes in front of the magnetic south pole, the instantaneous motion of the conductor will be downward hence according to Fleming’s Right Hand Rule the induced emf will have outward direction.ĭuring rotation, each side of the loop comes under magnetic north pole and south pole alternately.
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